AVISTEP - the Avian Sensitivity Tool for Energy Planning

In 9 countries each 5km x 5km cell within the heatmaps has a sensitivity score. 

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Avian vulnerability to collision risk from wind turbines in Europe and North Africa

Map obtained from Gauld et al. (2022). Hotspots in the grid: Avian sensitivity and vulnerability to collision risk from energy infrastructure interactions in Europe and North Africa Journal of Applied Ecology, 59, 1496–1512.

[Datasets and Shapefile available on Dryad]

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Bird sensitivity map in relation to wind energy development in Italy

Map produced in collaboration between BirdLife International and LIPU

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Vulnerability of bird and bat assemblages to help understand the potential impact of wind energy development

Map obtained from Morant, et al. (2025). Mapping bird and bat assemblage vulnerability for predicting wind energy impact. Journal of Environmental Management, 380, 124961.

Shapefile Morant et al 2025 bats & birds available on Figshare

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